Identifying Factors Associated With Loneliness in Older United States Veterans: An Ecological Systems Approach

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Public Health
• Veterans Health

Background:

• Loneliness is a significant concern among older adults, particularly Veterans.
• Ecological factors at multiple levels may influence the prevalence of loneliness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine associations between multi-level ecological factors and loneliness in older U.S. Veterans.
• Investigate the role of sociodemographic, military, social support, and community social vulnerability characteristics.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 237 older Veterans (≥65 years).
• Utilized the Three-Item Loneliness Scale to measure loneliness.
• Employed multiple logistic regression models to assess associations.

Main Results:

• Increased emotional/informational social support was linked to decreased odds of loneliness.
• Veterans in socially vulnerable areas (moderate/high) had increased odds of loneliness.
• No significant associations found for sociodemographic or military characteristics after adjustments.

Conclusions:

• Individual social support and community social vulnerability are key factors in older Veteran loneliness.
• Highlights the need for integrated, whole health approaches in gerontological care for Veterans.
• Emphasizes addressing social determinants of health to mitigate loneliness.