Microbiolization of Arachis hypogaea L. seeds

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Plant Pathology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed quality is crucial for crop productivity, but fungal pathogens frequently compromise seed health from sowing to post-harvest.
• Common seed-borne fungi like Penicillium, Fusarium, Chaetomium, and Aspergillus cause significant damage, impacting germination and seedling establishment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy of various commercial biological products in improving the sanitary and physiological quality of peanut seeds.
• To determine the impact of these biological treatments on fungal incidence, germination, seedling vigor, and overall seed health.

Main Methods:

• Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted using peanut seeds treated with biological products (Vacciplant®, Shocker®, Tricho Turbo®, Auin®, Ecotrich®, Captana®) and a control (sterilized distilled water).
• Evaluated parameters included fungal incidence, seed moisture content, germination, first count, germination and emergence speed indices, seedling growth (shoot and root length), and dry mass.

Main Results:

• All tested biological products significantly reduced the incidence of key seed-borne fungi (Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Chaetomium sp., Aspergillus sp.).
• Ecotrich® demonstrated the highest germination speed index (GSI).
• Ecotrich®, Auin®, and Captana® enhanced shoot and root growth, while Shocker®, Auin®, and Captana® increased shoot dry mass. Captana® showed the most effective seedling emergence compared to the control.

Conclusions:

• Commercial biological products represent a viable and effective alternative for peanut seed treatment.
• These products positively influence peanut seed health, germination rates, and seedling vigor, contributing to improved crop establishment and yield potential.