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Analysis of Risk Factors for Olfactory Dysfunction in CRSsNP Patients: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Weiqun Gong1, Meng Wang1, Jun Huo1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Xuhui Center Hospital, China.

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Olfactory dysfunction (OD) in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is linked to smaller nasal cavity volume and higher inflammation markers like IL-5 and IgE. These factors aid in early OD detection for better treatment.

Keywords:
chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polypsinterleukin-5mucosal olfactory marker protein-positive cell count (STOMP)nasal cavity volumeolfactory dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Rhinology
  • Olfactory Science

Background:

  • Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is a common condition.
  • Olfactory dysfunction (OD) significantly impacts patient quality of life.
  • Identifying risk factors for OD in CRSsNP is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify independent risk factors for olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).
  • To evaluate the predictive value of identified factors for OD.
  • To inform clinical management strategies for CRSsNP patients with OD.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 93 subjects, including CRSsNP patients with and without OD, and healthy controls.
  • Olfactory tests, CT scans (Lund-Mackay), endoscopic evaluation (Lund-Kennedy), and biochemical analyses (IL-5, IgE, STOMP) were performed.
  • Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were used to identify risk factors and assess predictive value.

Main Results:

  • Patients with OD had significantly lower nasal cavity volume and STOMP counts.
  • Elevated Lund-Mackay CT scores, Lund-Kennedy scores, IL-5, and IgE were observed in the OD group.
  • Nasal cavity volume, Lund-Mackay score, Lund-Kennedy score, IL-5, IgE, and STOMP were confirmed as independent predictors of OD.

Conclusions:

  • Nasal cavity volume, CT/endoscopic scores, IL-5, IgE, and STOMP are significantly associated with OD in CRSsNP.
  • These parameters effectively screen for olfactory abnormalities in CRSsNP patients.
  • Early identification of OD using these factors can optimize clinical strategies and improve patient outcomes.