Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

The Derivative as a Function

The Derivative as a Function

A derivative quantifies how a function changes in response to variations in its input. It provides a localized rate of change, representing the slope of the tangent line to the function at any given point. When this process is applied systematically across the entire domain of the function, it yields a new function—the derivative function—which encodes the rate of change at every point. This concept is central to calculus and essential for understanding the behavior of dynamic...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

Transfer RNA Synthesis

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...

RNA Editing

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dynamics of intronic polyadenylation in the hematopoietic lineage and its regulation by DNA methylation.

Genome research·2026

Same author

Understanding Glioblastoma Dynamics Using 3D Organoids and Engineered Extracellular Matrix.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same author

Start Making Sense: Addressing Reported Ambiguity of Final Margin Status for Oral Cavity Cancer.

Head & neck·2026

Same author

Oncogenic SF3B1 mutations alter the splicing of mRNA noncoding regions to induce a novel therapeutic vulnerability.

Blood·2026

Same author

Cost Effectiveness of Local Anaesthetic Transperineal Versus Transrectal Biopsy: Results from the TRANSLATE Study.

European urology focus·2025

Same author

Nanomaterial-induced mitochondrial biogenesis enhances intercellular mitochondrial transfer efficiency.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same journal

Tau protein as a regulator of mitochondrial function and dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

A scalable, dividing cell model for the robust propagation and quantification of human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease prions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal BMP signaling directs postnatal organ innervation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Single-shot wide-field biochemical imaging at 1 kHz frame rate.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

Morphogenesis and topological evolution of a frustrated nematic liquid crystal under confinement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same journal

B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data

Published on: December 1, 2023

Intronic polyadenylation-derived long noncoding RNA modulates nucleolar integrity and function.

Sumana Mallick^1,2, Pranita Borkar¹, Jaspreet Thind^1,2

¹Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|January 30, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Intronic polyadenylation (IPA) generates noncoding RNAs like CUL1-IPA. This long noncoding RNA maintains nucleolar integrity, supports rRNA processing, and impacts cell cycle progression and cancer patient survival.

Keywords:

intronic polyadenylation long noncoding RNA nucleolus

More Related Videos

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data

Published on: December 1, 2023

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Cell Biology

Background:

Protein-coding genes typically produce mRNA for translation.
Intronic polyadenylation (IPA) near transcription start sites generates noncoding RNAs from protein-coding loci.
The functions of these abundant IPA-derived noncoding RNAs are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the function of CUL1-IPA, a noncoding RNA derived from the CUL1 gene locus via IPA.
To explore the role of CUL1-IPA in cellular processes, particularly nucleolar function and its potential implications in disease.

Main Methods:

Identified CUL1-IPA as an RNA polymerase II-dependent, stable, polyadenylated noncoding RNA.
Assessed CUL1-IPA's localization and functional role in maintaining nucleolar integrity.
Utilized RNA-protein interaction assays to identify binding partners.
Quantified rRNA levels, protein synthesis, and cell cycle progression upon CUL1-IPA manipulation.
Analyzed CUL1-IPA expression in cancer patient data.

Main Results:

CUL1-IPA translocates to the nucleolus and is critical for its integrity.
GPATCH4 and NOP58, involved in rRNA processing, were identified as CUL1-IPA binding partners.
Loss of CUL1-IPA reduced rRNA levels, decreased protein synthesis, and caused G2/M cell cycle arrest.
Reintroduction of CUL1-IPA restored rRNA levels.
Reduced CUL1-IPA expression correlated with improved survival in cancer patients.

Conclusions:

CUL1-IPA is a functional long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) originating from a protein-coding gene via IPA.
CUL1-IPA forms nucleolar RNA-protein complexes essential for rRNA processing and nucleolar structure.
This lncRNA plays a significant role in cellular homeostasis and has implications for cancer patient outcomes.