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Photo-Thermally Tunable Photon-Pair Generation in Dielectric Metasurfaces.

Omer Can Karaman1, Hua Li2,3, Elif Nur Dayi1

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Summary

We demonstrate a thermo-optical mechanism in amorphous silicon (a-Si) for tunable photon-pair generation. This breakthrough enables bright, CMOS-compatible quantum photonics, moving beyond static spectral properties in integrated sources.

Keywords:
amorphous silicon metasurfacesphoton-pair generationreconfigurable quantum photonicsresonant dielectric nanophotonicsspontaneous four-wave mixingthermo-optical nonlinearity

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Area of Science:

  • Integrated photonics
  • Quantum optics
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • Spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in integrated photonics typically yields spectrally static photon-pair sources.
  • Amorphous silicon (a-Si) offers potential for CMOS-compatible quantum technologies but requires efficient photon-pair generation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and model a thermo-optical mechanism for modulating photon-pair generation in a-Si.
  • To investigate the use of a-Si metasurfaces for enhanced photon-pair production rates.
  • To characterize the nonlinear optical properties and thermal effects in a-Si for quantum applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing femtosecond-pulsed excitation for spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a-Si thin films and metasurfaces.
  • Employing coupled electromagnetic and heat-transfer simulations to model thermal effects on SFWM.
  • Performing polarization-resolved measurements to determine nonlinear response and third-order nonlinear susceptibility.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-purity nonclassical emission with g(2)(0) > 400 in unpatterned a-Si.
  • Demonstrated photon-pair generation rates exceeding 3.8 kHz in resonant a-Si metasurfaces at low pump power (0.6 mW).
  • Observed thermo-optical detuning due to pump absorption, causing redshift and altering modal overlap, leading to deviations from expected power scaling.

Conclusions:

  • Amorphous silicon is a promising platform for bright, CMOS-compatible quantum photonics.
  • Thermo-optical detuning is a critical mechanism influencing SFWM efficiency in integrated photon-pair sources.
  • The demonstrated tunable mechanism can be harnessed to control and optimize on-chip quantum light generation.