Paramedics' views on the skills, knowledge and attributes required for effective preceptorship: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: A preceptor is a healthcare professional responsible for training and educating novice practitioners in a clinical setting. Paramedic preceptors perform this role in dynamic and ever-changing environments, which require a range of expertise and personal qualities. However, few studies have explored what specific skills, knowledge and attributes are required for paramedic preceptors working with entry-to-practice students on clinical placement. Determining what these skills, knowledge and attributes are may aid in supporting and educating paramedic preceptors to undertake their role. This study aimed to explore paramedics’ views on the skills, knowledge and attributes required of paramedic preceptors to work effectively with students undertaking clinical placement. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was administered to Australian registered paramedics in September 2024. To participate, paramedics were required to have experience working with student paramedics on clinical placement. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The paramedics (n = 44) who responded to the survey indicated that providing constructive feedback, supporting decision making and critical thinking, and communicating in high-stress environments were key skills and knowledge required for the preceptor role. The findings highlighted that being approachable and respectful were the most important preceptor attributes. This finding shows greater emphasis is needed on preceptors helping make their students feel comfortable and safe whilst on clinical placement. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can help paramedics understand what is needed to be an effective preceptor. Additionally, education programs designed for paramedic preceptors should incorporate teaching content related to the communication and teaching skills identified in this study and the attributes pertaining to creating safe and effective learning environments in the unpredictable paramedic workplace.