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Mental Illness Attributions and Their Association With Psychotherapy Change Process Expectations
Dana Elberg1,2, Pragya Sharma3, Javier Fernández Alvarez4,5
1Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|January 31, 2026
Summary
Individuals' beliefs about the origins of mental illness influence their expectations for psychotherapy. Understanding these mental illness attributions can inform therapeutic approaches and patient engagement.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Psychotherapy Research
- Mental Health Studies
Background:
- Limited understanding of the link between expectations and illness perceptions.
- Exploration of the association between psychotherapy expectations and mental illness attributions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between individuals' beliefs about the causes of mental illness and their expectations for psychotherapy outcomes.
Main Methods:
- 291 participants completed the Mental Illness Attribution Questionnaire (MIAQ) and the Expectations of Active Processes in Psychotherapy Scale (EAPPS).
- Linear regression analyses were used to assess associations, controlling for confounders.
Main Results:
- Biological attributions for mental illness correlated with most psychotherapy process expectations.
- Social/stress attributions linked to expectations of enhanced resilience and open sharing in therapy.
- Supernatural attributions associated with expectations of exploring the therapeutic relationship.
Conclusions:
- Individuals' perceptions of mental illness origins are connected to their expectations regarding psychotherapy processes.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering patient attributions in tailoring psychotherapy.
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