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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
Published on: November 7, 2016
Differential sensitivity of impedance plethysmography and photoplethysmography sensors to temperature-induced
Seobin Jung1, Seamus Thomson2, Alexandros Pantelopoulos2
1Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA. seobin@google.com.
Abstract:
Impedance plethysmography (IPG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) are non-invasive techniques for measuring blood volume changes. This study investigated the differential responses of IPG and PPG to temperature-mediated vasoconstriction induced by localized cooling. Twenty-one participants underwent control and treatment conditions, with fake or real ice cubes applied to the forearm. Blood pressure remained stable, while heart rate decreased. PPG signal amplitude significantly decreased with cooling (padj = 0.004), indicating sensitivity to superficial blood flow changes. In contrast, IPG signal amplitude remained stable (padj = 1.0). No statistically significant differences were observed in timing-derived metrics. These findings suggest IPG is less sensitive to superficial changes in blood flow than PPG, and may be more suitable for monitoring deeper blood flow. This study provides insights into the distinct sensitivities of IPG and PPG, with implications for wearable device development and cardiovascular monitoring.
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