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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

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The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
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As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
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During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
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DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

High-Density DNA and RNA microarrays - Photolithographic Synthesis, Hybridization and Preparation of Large Nucleic Acid Libraries
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A Bridging Strategy for On-DNA Dithiocarbamate Library Synthesis.

Yagong Wang1, Huanqing Zhang1, Fanming Zeng1

  • 1Pharmaron (Ningbo) Technology Development Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China.

Chemistry, an Asian Journal
|February 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new DNA-encoded library method for synthesizing dithiocarbamates (DTCs), a key structure in drug discovery. This breakthrough enables efficient DTC library construction for identifying novel therapeutics.

Keywords:
BridgingCombinatoryDNA‐encoded libraryDithiocarbamateDrug discoveryOn‐DNA synthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Synthetic Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) are vital scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, frequently found in therapeutic agents.
  • Current DNA-encoded library (DEL) technologies face challenges in synthesizing DTCs due to a lack of robust on-DNA methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a general and efficient procedure for on-DNA dithiocarbamate formation.
  • To enable the construction of DELs incorporating DTCs for accelerated drug discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel carbon disulfide (CS2) bridging strategy for on-DNA DTC synthesis.
  • Coupling of diverse aliphatic secondary amines and alkyl halides under mild, DNA-compatible conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high conversion rates and excellent DNA compatibility for the on-DNA DTC formation.
  • Successfully constructed a prototype DNA-encoded library featuring the newly synthesized DTCs.
  • Demonstrated the method's ability to link various amines and alkyl halides efficiently.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CS2 bridging strategy overcomes limitations in on-DNA DTC synthesis.
  • This method significantly expands the accessible chemical space for DELs.
  • Facilitates rapid discovery of novel dithiocarbamate-based therapeutics.