Campylobacter fetus Bacteremia Presenting with Bilateral Lower Leg Cellulitis in an Immunocompetent Adult

Campylobacter fetus is a species of the Campylobacter genus that often causes bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. Although cellulitis due to C. fetus has been previously described, bilateral involvement is rare. We herein report the case of an 87-year-old woman without immunodeficiency, who presented with fever and bilateral leg pain. An examination showed inflammatory changes in both lower legs, and blood cultures showed the growth of C. fetus. Antimicrobial therapy was initiated with meropenem, de-escalated to ampicillin, and then switched to oral amoxicillin, which resulted in a clinical improvement. This case highlights that C. fetus can cause bacteremia and bilateral cellulitis, even in an immunocompetent adult, thereby underscoring the importance of blood cultures.