Effectiveness of Mobile Health Technology-Based Interventions on Foot Care Behaviors, Knowledge and Beliefs in...

Mobile Health (mHealth) technology offers the potential to improve healthcare quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on the foot care behaviors, knowledge, and beliefs of patients with diabetes. Eleven databases were systematically searched for relevant RCTs between databases' inception and February 2025. We used Review Manager 5.4 software for meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis, publication bias tests, and sensitivity analysis were performed. The quality of the evidence was rated according to the GRADE. A total of eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was moderate-quality evidence that compared with other traditional foot care education, mHealth interventions can effectively enhance foot care behaviors, knowledge, and beliefs among patients with diabetes. Additionally, there was low-quality evidence that mHealth interventions can also improve patients' blood glucose levels. The findings provide preliminary reference for nurses to explore more effective auxiliary tools for patient education. However, the current evidence is of moderate and low quality, indicating that it remains necessary to focus on new evidence in the future. More high-quality RCTs are needed to explore long-term effects of mHealth interventions.