Prevalence and association of metabolic syndrome components with benign prostate hyperplasia

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of both glandular and epithelial tissue of the prostate. The disease affects a significant portion of older ages, particularly those above 40 years old. It is thought that in addition to age, there is a contribution of metabolic syndrome (Mets) to the pathogenesis of BPH. There is scanty of study regarding to association of MetS with BPH, So this study is primarily intended to assess the association of MetS with BPH among patients attending Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC).

A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 158 BPH patients attending JUMC, the subjects were selected consecutively, and all socio-demographic variables were collected by trained nurses after informed consent was obtained. Biochemical data were collected by laboratory technologists. Before analysis, daily quality control was checked. The collected data were entered into epi-data 4.6.0.6 checked, cleaned, and exported into SPSS version 26 for analysis. All descriptive variables were shown using tables, figures, and charts. After checking all assumptions of logistic regression, analysis was conducted at a significant value of 0.05.

Our study found that the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome among BPH patients was 38.6% (0.31,0.46). Among the components, low HDL comprises a high proportion following high blood glucose, elevated TG, and hyperglycemia respectively. Regarding factors associated with enlargement of the prostate, fasting blood glucose, obesity, and low HDL were significantly associated with large prostate volume (enlargement of the prostate).

According to our study, components of metabolic syndrome are the predictor variables for the enlargement of the prostate gland highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to alleviate further complications.