Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Classification of Connective Tissues01:30

Classification of Connective Tissues

15.9K
The connective tissues have different properties and functions in the human body. They are broadly categorized into proper, supporting, or fluid connective tissues.
Connective Tissue Proper
Connective tissue proper is the most abundant class of connective tissues. As its name implies, it predominantly connects different tissues in the body. Depending on the cell types, ground substance, viscosity, and fiber types in the ECM, connective tissue proper is further categorized into loose and dense....
15.9K
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

1.6K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
1.6K
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

13.4K
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
13.4K
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

964
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
964
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

1.3K
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
1.3K
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview

22.0K
Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...
22.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of the<i>in vivo</i>performance of a<sup>109</sup>cd-based x-ray fluorescence system for measurement of skin iron concentration.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2026
Same author

From patch-clamps to SPAD arrays-evolution and future perspectives of invasive neural interfacing toward integrated photonic implants.

Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)·2026
Same author

Cohort profile: baseline characteristics and design of the McMaster Monitoring My Mobility (MacM3) study - a prospective digital mobility cohort of community-dwelling older Canadians from Southern Ontario.

BMJ open·2025
Same author

Diagnostic Challenge of Nodal Nevi Mimicking Metastatic Melanoma in Axillary Lymph Nodes Following Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Derivation of Novel Imaging Biomarkers of Neonatal Brain Injury Using Bedside Diffuse Optical Tomography: Protocol for a Prospective Feasibility Study.

NeuroSci·2025
Same author

A Dual-Purpose Microwave-Optical Component for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy: A Feasibility Study by Radio Link Analysis.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy
09:25

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Published on: August 22, 2018

13.2K

Time-Resolved Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance (TRF-DR) Spectroscopy for Heterogeneous Breast Tissue

Jigar Lad1, Erica Dao1, Gabriella Gohla2,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Biophotonics
|February 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel time-resolved fluorescence and diffuse reflectance (TRF-DR) spectroscopy system shows promise for accurately identifying breast cancer margins during surgery. This technology aids surgeons in distinguishing tumor tissue from healthy tissue, potentially reducing re-excision rates.

Keywords:
breast cancerbreast conserving surgerydiffuse reflectancefluorescencemachine learning classificationoptical spectroscopytissue heterogeneity

More Related Videos

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb
06:50

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

Published on: December 2, 2017

9.6K
Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers
11:34

Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers

Published on: December 5, 2017

13.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy
09:25

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Published on: August 22, 2018

13.2K
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb
06:50

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

Published on: December 2, 2017

9.6K
Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers
11:34

Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers

Published on: December 5, 2017

13.1K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Medical Spectroscopy

Background:

  • High re-excision rates in early-stage breast cancer stem from difficulties in surgical margin delineation.
  • Poorly defined tumor boundaries pose a significant challenge for surgeons, impacting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of a time-resolved fluorescence and diffuse reflectance (TRF-DR) spectroscopy system for classifying tumor in heterogeneous tissue regions.
  • To assess the system's potential as an intraoperative tool for margin assessment in breast cancer surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a TRF-DR spectroscopy system on 4818 measurements from 73 frozen ex vivo patient samples.
  • Employed weighted logistic regression and principal component analysis (PCA) for data analysis.
  • Classified tissue composition (tumor, fibroglandular, adipose) based on pathologist-assigned percentages.

Main Results:

  • The TRF-DR system, trained with four principal components, achieved 77% sensitivity and 68% specificity.
  • Performance was comparable to current clinical techniques for margin assessment.
  • The system demonstrated speed, portability, and cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The TRF-DR spectroscopy system shows significant potential as an effective intraoperative tool for assessing surgical margins in breast cancer.
  • This technology can aid surgeons in achieving clear margins, thereby reducing the need for re-excision surgeries.
  • The system's characteristics make it a practical and economical option for improving surgical precision.