Three-Dimensional Deformations of Pulmonary Collapse for Intraoperative Augmented Reality Guidance: A...

Area of Science:

• Thoracic Surgery
• Medical Imaging
• Computational Anatomy

Background:

• Pulmonary surgery requires lung deflation, altering lung anatomy.
• Understanding lung deformation during collapse is crucial for surgical navigation.
• Augmented reality (AR) guidance can enhance pulmonary resection procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess bronchial tree and pulmonary parenchyma deformation during lung collapse.
• To develop a computational model of lung deflation for AR guidance.
• To evaluate the feasibility of simulating intraoperative lung collapse.

Main Methods:

• Computed tomography (CT) scans of collapsed and inflated lungs from porcine models and human patients were analyzed.
• Bronchi and parenchyma were segmented, and bronchial centerlines were calculated.
• Deformation parameters (diameter, length, volume changes) were computed and applied to an inflated bronchus model.

Main Results:

• Lung collapse induced significant volumetric and anatomical changes in both porcine and human lungs.
• Human lungs showed median displacements of 14.41 mm (right) and 11.99 mm (left).
• Median volume reduction was substantial, with observed bronchial narrowing and length reduction.

Conclusions:

• Algorithmically calculated lung collapse deformations were applied to create an artificial collapsed bronchus.
• This method provides a foundation for a dynamic deformable deflation model.
• The model is suitable for intraoperative AR-based pulmonary navigation during lung resections.