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Researchers developed the AI Attachment Scale (AIAS) to measure emotional bonds with AI chatbots. This scale helps understand how individual differences influence human-AI attachment and user behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Psychology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Users form emotional connections with AI chatbots beyond basic functions.
  • A validated multidimensional scale for measuring human-AI attachment was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the AI Attachment Scale (AIAS).
  • To explore the relationship between individual differences, AI attachment, and behavioral outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted: scale development (Study 1) and validation (Study 2).
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used with large participant samples (N=531 and N=375).
  • The AIAS measures three dimensions: Emotional Support, Separation Distress, and Secure Base.

Main Results:

  • The AIAS was validated as a 15-item multidimensional scale.
  • Anthropomorphism was the strongest predictor of AI attachment.
  • Attachment anxiety and avoidance significantly predicted AI attachment, which in turn predicted behavioral intentions.

Conclusions:

  • The AI Attachment Scale (AIAS) provides a reliable measure for human-AI emotional bonds.
  • Findings offer practical insights for designing emotionally resonant AI chatbots.
  • Understanding individual differences is key to predicting AI attachment and user behavior.