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Multi-omics reveals glutinous rice varieties shape Baijiu flavor via microbial and metabolic modulation
Jia Zeng1, Lijuan Gong2, Shuai Qin2
1Longping Agricultural College, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Introduction:
Glutinous rice significantly influences Baijiu flavor, yet standardized brewing-specific indicators are lacking.
Methods:
In this study, metagenomic, metaproteomic, and non-targeted GC-MS analyses of Zaopei, along with HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis of Baijiu, were used to compare the effects of three glutinous rice varieties with distinct nutritional profiles on microbial diversity and flavor formation.
Results:
The Wuliangye-specific variety Dajiugu, with high sucrose, high amino acids, and low fatty acids, promoted early growth and metabolic activity of Saccharomycopsis, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella. Functional genera such as Saccharopolyspora, Pediococcus, and Clostridium enhanced fatty acid and amino acid accumulation in Zaopei and increased ethyl acetate, 4-vinylphenol, and dimethyl trisulfide in Baijiu.
Discussion:
These findings highlight the pivotal role of glutinous rice variety in shaping Baijiu flavor and offer a scientific basis for breeding brewing-specific glutinous rice.
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