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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Dioxide and a Temperature-dependent Optical Model
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Phase-Changing Vanadium Oxides for Electromagnetic Radiation Management.

Mohammad Taha1, Torben Daeneke2, Sumeet Walia2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering The University of Melbourne Victoria Australia.

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|February 2, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) offers advanced electromagnetic security. Its unique phase transition enables ultrafast, tuneable shielding and signal control for communications and infrastructure protection.

Keywords:
adaptiveelectromagnetic modulationphase‐changevanadium oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electromagnetics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Vanadium oxides exhibit broadband electromagnetic response across UV, optical, IR, and radio spectrum.
  • Monoclinic vanadium dioxide (VO2) possesses a near-room temperature insulator-to-metal transition.
  • This transition allows for tunable conductivity and optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of vanadium oxides, particularly VO2, in electromagnetic radiation security.
  • To highlight VO2's advantages over chalcogenide phase-change materials for switching speed and operating conditions.
  • To demonstrate the potential of VO2 for advanced shielding, absorption, and beam steering.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the insulator-to-metal transition of VO2 triggered by thermal, optical, or electrical stimuli.
  • Characterized the dynamic modulation of conductivity and optical properties.
  • Fabricated and analyzed VO2 metasurfaces for electromagnetic applications.

Main Results:

  • VO2 demonstrates ultrafast (femtosecond) switching with high cycling stability (>100 million cycles).
  • Achieved tunable absorption rates from 2% to 100% across terahertz, infrared, and radiofrequency domains (up to 6.35 THz bandwidth).
  • VO2 metasurfaces showed polarization insensitivity and multifunctionality for electromagnetic security.

Conclusions:

  • Vanadium oxides, especially VO2, are transformative materials for physical-layer electromagnetic security.
  • VO2's properties enable real-time absorption, shielding, and beam steering for wireless communications and infrastructure.
  • Advances in synthesis and nanostructuring support sensitive sensors and smart coatings.