[Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: report of 10 cases]

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign breast pathology simulating breast carcinomas. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary profile of IGM. This was a descriptive retrospective study of patients followed for IGM at Cheikh Zaid Hospital from 2019 to 2025. A total of 10 patients were included, corresponding to 83.33% of the 12 patients followed for granulomatous mastitis (GM). The mean age of our population was 35.1 years ± 4.65. The history was represented by pregnancy and breastfeeding in 100% with a mean parity of 2.10 ± 0.568. IGM was revealed by mastodynia in 4 cases (40%). Clinical examination found a breast nodule and unilateral involvement in 100% of patients. Breast ultrasound and mammography were performed in 100% of cases, as was biopsy in favor of MG. Corticosteroids were used in the 10 patients as first-line treatment with a mean dose of 58mg/day ± 14.8 with a minimum dose of 20mg/day of prednisone and a maximum dose of 80mg/day with plete healing in 80% of patients but a relapse rate of 20% with a delay of 2 months and 7 months after stopping corticosteroid therapy; 20% under azathioprine and 40% were drained. It is essential to emphasise the importance of recognising IMG in clinical practice, whose first-line treatment is based on corticosteroid therapy, while recurrent forms may require immunosuppressants.