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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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Network Meta-Analysis on the Mechanisms underlying Type 2 Diabetes Augmentation of COVID-19 Pathologies

Ryan J Kim1,2, Mohammed As Khan3, Maryam Khan4

  • 1Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology (I-NIP), Seton Hall University, 400 S Orange Ave, NJ 07079, USA.

Archives of Microbiology & Immunology
|February 2, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals how type 2 diabetes (DM-II) worsens COVID-19 by affecting shared molecules like ACE2 and cytokines. Understanding these molecular links may help develop treatments for both conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, involves ACE2 receptor interaction.
  • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM-II) is suspected to exacerbate COVID-19 severity.
  • Understanding shared molecular pathways is crucial for co-managing these diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which DM-II augments COVID-19 complications.
  • To identify shared molecules and signaling pathways between DM-II and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To explore potential therapeutic targets for simultaneous treatment of both conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and CLC Genomics Workbench 22 (CLCG-22).
  • Analyzed RNA-sequencing data (SRA SRP287500) for differential gene expression.
  • Retrieved and analyzed molecules shared between DM-II and SARS-CoV-2 infection using IPA's QIAGEN Knowledge Base (QKB).

Main Results:

  • Identified three common molecules (SCL2A2, PPARγ, CPLX8) downregulated by DM-II in both diseases.
  • Found that downregulation of these molecules is linked to increased activity of cytokines/chemokines and ACE2.
  • Demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 interaction with ACE2 can induce endothelial cell dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Shared molecular pathways and common molecules exist between DM-II and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The interaction network highlights the role of ACE2 and cytokines/chemokines in disease exacerbation.
  • This research may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies targeting both DM-II and COVID-19.
Keywords:
ACE2 receptorsDM-IIIsit β-cell genesSARS-CoV-2 Infectioncytokine storminsulinpancreas

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