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Effect of Elevated BMI on Shoulder Stabilization Outcomes and Recurrence Rates.

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Summary

This study found that body mass index (BMI) does not significantly impact shoulder instability surgery outcomes. Patients with normal, overweight, or obese BMIs experienced similar functional results and recurrence rates after surgery.

Keywords:
generalglenoid labruminstabilityshoulder

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Body mass index (BMI) is a known factor in hip and knee procedures, but its impact on shoulder instability surgery outcomes is less understood.
  • This study investigates the relationship between BMI and clinical outcomes, including recurrence rates, following shoulder instability surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes after shoulder instability surgery.
  • To determine if elevated BMI affects recurrence rates in patients undergoing shoulder instability procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study of 509 patients who underwent shoulder instability surgery between 2009 and 2023.
  • Patients were stratified into underweight/normal weight (BMI ≤25 kg/m²), overweight (BMI >25 to ≤30 kg/m²), and obese (BMI >30 kg/m²) groups.
  • Clinical outcomes and functional markers were collected and analyzed across BMI cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Obese patients exhibited higher depression rates and significantly lower postoperative internal rotation compared to normal weight and overweight patients.
  • Despite statistical differences in range of motion, these were not clinically significant.
  • The overall instability recurrence rate was 27% for obese patients versus 16% for normal/underweight and 13% for overweight patients (P = .33).

Conclusions:

  • Shoulder instability surgery outcomes are not significantly associated with obesity.
  • While some range of motion differences exist, they are not clinically significant and may be due to body habitus.
  • Shoulder instability surgery is a safe and effective procedure irrespective of a patient's BMI.