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Infection of Zebrafish Embryos with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens
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Disseminated Rothia kristinae Infection: A Case Highlighting an Emerging Pathogen.

Kody Dormire1, Sravani Kamatam2, Moni Roy1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA, uic.edu.

Case Reports in Medicine
|February 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Rothia kristinae, typically a harmless bacterium, can cause severe disseminated infections, including endocarditis and septic arthritis. This case highlights its pathogenic potential, urging prompt clinical suspicion and treatment.

Keywords:
Rothia kristinaebacteremiacase reportdiscitisendocarditis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Case Study

Background:

  • Rothia kristinae is commonly found on human skin and mucosal surfaces.
  • Limited data exists on its pathogenicity and associated infections.
  • This organism is often considered commensal, with rare reports of invasive disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of disseminated Rothia kristinae infection.
  • To illustrate the pathogenic potential of Rothia kristinae in an immunocompetent host.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of Rothia kristinae infections.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical case report of a woman in her early 70s with osteoarthritis.
  • Diagnostic workup included laboratory tests, blood cultures, and echocardiography.
  • Treatment involved intravenous antibiotics and surgical intervention.

Main Results:

  • Rothia kristinae was identified as the causative agent of native aortic valve endocarditis, multilevel discitis, and left hip septic arthritis.
  • The patient experienced complications including vancomycin drug reaction and a hip abscess.
  • Successful treatment involved vancomycin, linezolid, and left hip arthroplasty, with resolution of endocarditis.

Conclusions:

  • Rothia kristinae can cause severe, disseminated infections beyond superficial colonization.
  • Clinicians should maintain a low threshold for suspecting and treating Rothia kristinae infections.
  • This case underscores the organism's significant pathogenic potential in certain clinical scenarios.