The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with prostate cancer

The treatment of dyslipidemia in prostate cancer has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer progression and improved survival outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer and to identify the risk factors for newly detected dyslipidemia.

This retrospective study assessed the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients who were newly diagnosed with prostate cancer and treated between 2010 and 2022. Patients who did not undergo anticancer treatments (surgery, radiation therapy, or medical androgen deprivation therapy) were excluded. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was analyzed according to disease status (localized vs. metastatic prostate cancer) and the duration of medical androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Additionally, risk factors for newly detected dyslipidemia were evaluated.

Out of 1,700 patients with prostate cancer (1,367 localized and 333 metastatic), 470 patients (27.6%) had dyslipidemia. The prevalence of previously existing dyslipidemia at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis (165 patients, 12.1%; 47 patients, 14.1%) and newly diagnosed dyslipidemia following treatment (199 patients, 14.6%; 59 patients, 17.7%) did not differ significantly between the localized and metastatic prostate cancer groups (P = 0.149; P = 0.311). The incidence of newly detected dyslipidemia increased significantly with the duration of ADT (<1 year, 14.3%; 1-2 years, 16.0%; >2 years, 24.7%; P = 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that ADT lasting more than 2 years was the only independent risk factor for newly detected dyslipidemia (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.72-4.53; P < 0.001).

The study demonstrated that a longer duration of androgen deprivation therapy was associated with a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia. Understanding the relationship between dyslipidemia and prostate cancer may help improve the management and treatment outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.