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Primary Repair of a Jejunal Atresia With Christmas Tree Deformity in a Preterm Infant

Dennis Machaku1,2, Jastin Kijazi3,4, Joachim Magoma3,4

  • 1Bugando Medical Center Mwanza Tanzania.

Clinical Case Reports
|February 2, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Jejunoileal atresia (JIA) is a rare congenital intestinal obstruction in infants. Early management and improved neonatal care are crucial for better outcomes in these complex cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Jejunoileal atresia (JIA) is a significant cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates.
  • This congenital anomaly can lead to short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure.
  • Christmas tree anomaly represents an uncommon subtype of JIA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of Christmas tree anomaly of the jejunum (Type IIIb).
  • To highlight the challenges and critical factors influencing the prognosis of jejunoileal atresia.
  • To emphasize the importance of early intervention and enhanced neonatal care.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a preterm male infant with jejunal atresia.
  • Diagnostic imaging (abdominal X-ray) to identify proximal obstruction.
  • Intraoperative findings confirming jejunal atresia Type IIIb.
  • Surgical correction via primary anastomosis.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with symptoms of proximal intestinal obstruction.
  • Intraoperative diagnosis of jejunal atresia Type IIIb.
  • Initial postoperative recovery with oral feeding tolerance.
  • Subsequent clinical deterioration, including respiratory compromise, leading to fatal cardiac arrest.

Conclusions:

  • Jejunoileal atresia, particularly rare forms, poses significant management challenges.
  • Postoperative respiratory compromise can critically worsen the prognosis.
  • Improving neonatal care and early surgical approaches are vital for enhancing survival rates in infants with JIA.

Keywords:
jejunoileal atresiamortalityneonatal intestinal obstructiontriple bubble sign

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