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Neonatal Arnold-Chiari II Malformation: An Imaging-Focused Case Report
Mohammad Alashqar1, Seba Lubbadeh1, Ahmed Daraghrmah1
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences An-Najah National University Nablus Palestine.
Clinical Case Reports
|February 2, 2026
Summary
Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type II, a congenital hindbrain disorder, was diagnosed in a neonate with myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus. Early MRI diagnosis and multidisciplinary management, including VP shunt placement, improved neonatal outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type II (CM-II) is a severe congenital hindbrain malformation.
- It is often associated with myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus, impacting neonatal development.
- Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are critical for managing CM-II.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type II in a male neonate.
- To highlight the diagnostic utility of MRI in identifying associated brain abnormalities.
- To emphasize the importance of early multidisciplinary management for improved outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a male neonate with congenital anomalies.
- Diagnostic imaging using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to evaluate brain structure.
- Surgical intervention including ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement.
Main Results:
- MRI confirmed Arnold-Chiari Malformation Type II with additional findings: dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, absent septum pellucidum, scaphocephaly, and a small syrinx.
- The neonate presented with myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, and lower limb paralysis.
- Successful surgical management with VP shunt placement was achieved.
Conclusions:
- This case underscores the critical role of MRI in the comprehensive diagnosis of CM-II and associated anomalies.
- Early and multidisciplinary management is essential for optimizing outcomes in neonates with CM-II.
- Prompt surgical intervention can lead to successful management and improved quality of life.
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