Microtubule inner proteins in apicomplexan parasites

Area of Science:

• Cell Biology
• Parasitology
• Structural Biology

Background:

• Microtubule inner proteins (MIPs) are crucial for microtubule structure and function.
• Apicomplexan parasites possess specialized tubulin structures like subpellicular microtubules (SPMTs) and conoid fibers.
• Limited knowledge exists on MIPs in apicomplexans compared to model organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the known roles of MIPs in apicomplexan parasites.
• To highlight unique MIP adaptations in apicomplexan microtubules.
• To emphasize the need for further research into apicomplexan MIPs.

Main Methods:

• Cryo-electron tomography
• Structural proteomics
• Literature review

Main Results:

• Identification of an interrupted luminal helix in SPMTs, crucial for stability.
• A smaller repertoire of axonemal MIPs in apicomplexans compared to other eukaryotes.
• Emerging evidence suggests multiple MIPs in conoid and SPMTs.

Conclusions:

• MIPs play significant roles in apicomplexan parasite survival and proliferation.
• Unique MIPs and structures in apicomplexans warrant further investigation.
• Understanding apicomplexan MIPs can reveal novel therapeutic targets.