Co-designing a structured referral template to enhance dementia diagnosis: a modified e-Delphi study

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Neurology
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Dementia care is a global health priority due to increasing prevalence in aging populations.
• Accurate diagnosis is crucial for quality of life, support access, and emerging Alzheimer's disease therapies.
• Complex referral pathways often lead to diagnostic delays and under-diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a structured, evidence-based referral template for dementia diagnosis.
• To enhance the efficiency and quality of dementia diagnostic pathways.

Main Methods:

• A two-round e-Delphi survey achieved consensus on referral template items.
• A modified Nominal Group Technique refined and prioritized items with multidisciplinary panels and patient contributors.

Main Results:

• Consensus was reached on 11 essential components for the referral template.
• The final template balances clinical relevance and usability for efficient referral and triage.
• Key items included cognitive screening, rapid deterioration, daily activity issues, and safety concerns.

Conclusions:

• Structured consensus methods successfully created a practical, evidence-based dementia referral template.
• The template is vital for optimizing dementia diagnostic pathways in the evolving therapeutic landscape.
• Ensures timely diagnosis and access to appropriate care for suspected dementia cases.