Giant thick melanomas: a retrospective case series

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Giant thick melanomas (GTMs) are exceptionally rare cutaneous neoplasms defined by substantial size and depth.
• These tumors present unique clinical challenges due to their advanced stage at diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the clinical features, pathological findings, and patient outcomes of GTMs.
• To underscore the aggressive nature and diagnostic delays associated with GTMs.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of eleven patients diagnosed with GTMs (diameter > 5 cm, Breslow thickness > 4 mm).
• Data collection included clinical presentation, histopathology, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes.
• Histopathological review was conducted by two independent dermatopathologists.

Main Results:

• The study included eleven patients with a median age of 69 years; tumors predominantly occurred on the trunk and extremities.
• Over half of patients (54.5%) presented with advanced disease (Stage III-IV).
• Median overall survival was 13 months, with only two long-term survivors identified.

Conclusions:

• Giant thick melanomas exhibit aggressive behavior and are frequently diagnosed at advanced stages, indicating significant diagnostic delays.
• Multidisciplinary management and early recognition are crucial for improving outcomes in GTM patients.
• The small sample size is a limitation, necessitating further research into these rare but severe tumors.