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Designing a Case Management Mobile Health App for Violence Intervention Programs: Mixed Methods Human-Centered Design
Marianna G Salvatori1, Devika Patel1,2, Adrienne Paige Baer3
1The Better Lab, University of California, San Francisco, 2540 23rd Street, 4th Fl., San Francisco, CA, 94110, United States, 1 5102550453.
JMIR Formative Research
|February 2, 2026
Summary
This study developed a mobile health (mHealth) app using human-centered design to improve communication and resource access for violence survivors and their violence prevention professionals (VPPs). The app enhances case management by addressing key themes like trust, tailored resources, and client empowerment.
Area of Science:
- Digital health interventions
- Human-computer interaction
- Public health technology
Background:
- Hospital-based violence intervention programs (VIPs) show promise but face limitations due to time constraints and inefficient practices.
- Violence prevention professionals (VPPs) act as case managers, connecting survivors with essential resources.
- Existing mobile health (mHealth) apps are not specifically designed for vulnerable populations served by VIPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design an mHealth app tailored to the needs of VPPs and survivors of violence.
- To improve communication and resource accessibility between VPPs and clients.
- To leverage human-centered design (HCD) and iterative prototyping for app development.
Main Methods:
- Employed HCD methodology, including Participatory Design, Low-fidelity Prototype Testing, and High-fidelity Prototype Testing (Rapid Iterative Testing and Evaluation - RITE).
- Conducted in-depth interviews and co-design sessions with VPPs to inform design iterations.
- Utilized inductive qualitative analysis to interpret feedback and refine the mHealth app design.
Main Results:
- Participatory Design identified key themes: trust, personal connection, tailored resources, and administrative burden management.
- Prototype testing revealed additional themes: intuitive design, progress tracking, standardized language, boundary control, success celebration, client empowerment, and warm handoff.
- The Rapid Iterative Testing and Evaluation (RITE) method achieved a 73% impact ratio, addressing 133 of 181 identified usability issues.
Conclusions:
- The integrated HCD and RITE approach successfully created an mHealth app specifically for VPPs supporting violence survivors.
- The developed app addresses critical needs identified by VPPs, enhancing case management.
- This methodology offers a transferable model for developing mHealth solutions for other specialized populations.
Keywords:
RITE methodcase managementhuman-centered designmHealthmobile appmobile healthmobile phoneviolence preventionMore Related Videos
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