[Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of liver nodules (version 2026)]

Liver nodules are one of the common and complex clinical conditions, with certain ones developing into malignant lesions, hence significantly affecting patient prognosis. The detection rate of liver nodules has significantly improved with advances in modern imaging technology; however, there is still a lack of unified guidance on their diagnosis, treatment, and management. The "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Liver Nodules (version 2026)" systematically summarizes and standardizes aspects of liver nodules, including definition, classification, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, through multidisciplinary collaboration based on the latest domestic and international research findings and expert clinical experience. This article emphasizes the importance of multidimensional assessment for liver nodules, including quantity, size, liver imaging reports, classification in data management systems, and pathological type. The implementation of individualized screening in high-risk populations is recommended at least once every six months starting at age 40, while for those with liver cirrhosis, malignant liver nodules, or a family history of liver cancer, screening should begin at age 30. The diagnostic strategy integrates systematic medical history, physical examination, imaging, and the detection of multiple serum marker collections. The usage of scoring models such as aMAP, GALAD, and GAAD highlights the diagnostic value of liver pathology and advocates a multidisciplinary team approach for risk assessment. Treatment plans emphasize individualization and involve etiological treatment, surgical therapy, interventional therapy, radiotherapy and systemic therapy. The aim of this consensus is to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of liver nodules, enhance precision, implement graded management, enable early differentiation between benign and malignant liver nodules, and improve patient prognosis.