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Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces
Published on: December 6, 2024
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Dual-Responsive Bionic Transformable Silica-Based Nanoparticles Promoting Macrophage M1 Polarization for Ameliorating
Hanxue Meng1, Mengzhen Wang1, Yinuo Shen1
1School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|February 2, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a novel nanoparticle (VTKFA) to combat glioblastoma (GBM) by reprogramming immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to an anti-tumor state, enhancing immunotherapy effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Cancer Therapy
Background:
- Glioblastoma (GBM) immunotherapy faces challenges from immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments dominated by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
- Repolarizing TAMs from a pro-tumor M2 phenotype to an anti-tumor M1 phenotype is a key therapeutic strategy for GBM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a dual-responsive nanoparticle for stimuli-triggered drug release and TAM repolarization in GBM treatment.
- To engineer a bionic transformable silica nanoparticle (VTKFA) for controlled delivery of a nitric oxide (NO) prodrug (JS-K) and a NO-activated probe (TDTCD).
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of virus-like silica nanoparticles (vSiO2) co-loaded with JS-K and TDTCD.
- Surface coating with a ferric-tannic (TA-Fe3+) network complexed with Angiopep-2 (Ang-2) for pH-triggered disassembly and enhanced cellular uptake.
- Utilizing glutathione (GSH) and acidic tumor microenvironment responsiveness for controlled NO release and TAM M1 repolarization.
Main Results:
- The nanoparticle coating disassembled in acidic conditions, promoting cellular uptake and tumor penetration.
- Intracellular GSH triggered nanoparticle degradation, JS-K release, NO generation, and TDTCD fluorescence activation.
- Released NO synergized with hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from Fenton reaction to reprogram TAMs to the M1 phenotype, alleviating immunosuppression.
Conclusions:
- The developed VTKFA nanoparticle offers a multifunctional platform for stimuli-responsive drug delivery and effective TAM repolarization in GBM.
- This approach shows promise for overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and inhibiting GBM progression.
Keywords:
NIR-I fluorescence imagingdual-responsive nanoparticlesglioblastomapolarizationtumor-associated macrophagesMore Related Videos
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