Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity

4.4K
In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of...
4.4K
Space Trusses01:25

Space Trusses

1.3K
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
1.3K
State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

573
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
573
Space Trusses: Problem Solving01:29

Space Trusses: Problem Solving

909
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
909
Transfer Function to State Space01:23

Transfer Function to State Space

803
State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
803
State Space to Transfer Function01:21

State Space to Transfer Function

581
The conversion of state-space representation to a transfer function is a fundamental process in system analysis. It provides a method for transitioning from a time-domain description to a frequency-domain representation, which is crucial for simplifying the analysis and design of control systems.
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
581

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Non-spreading meronic spin defects around optical vortices.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same author

Free-Space Skyrmions Radiated from a Geometric Phase Aperture.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Quantum topology emerges at near field.

Light, science & applications·2026
Same author

Super-resolution imaging of limited-size objects.

Nature photonics·2026
Same author

Free-Form Flexible Metasurfaces Robustly Generating Microwave Skyrmions.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Topological robustness of classical and quantum optical skyrmions in atmospheric turbulence.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Interplay between oxygen redox and interfacial stability of Li-rich positive electrodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Breaking dependence on melanisation imparts diversity to a dogmatic invasion strategy of phytopathogenic fungi.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Hydroxyl-rich nanocavities on perovskite enable nearly barrierless intramolecular hydrogen transfer for nitrate electroreduction to ammonia.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Household mobility responses to weather extremes in Kyrgyzstan.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Autonomous Motion Vision with Tri-bulk-heterojunctioned Organic Adaptation Transistor.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Tissue-adhesive hydrogel optical fiber for peripheral optogenetic neuromodulation.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

14.2K

Space-time superoscillations.

Yijie Shen1,2, Nikitas Papasimakis3, Nikolay I Zheludev3,4

  • 1Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. yijie.shen@ntu.edu.sg.

Nature Communications
|February 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists demonstrate space-time superoscillations (STSO), where spatial and temporal superoscillations occur together. This breakthrough enables extreme spatiotemporal field structuring for advanced applications in optics and photonics.

More Related Videos

An Automated Method to Determine the Performance of Drosophila in Response to Temperature Changes in Space and Time
06:52

An Automated Method to Determine the Performance of Drosophila in Response to Temperature Changes in Space and Time

Published on: October 12, 2018

6.8K
In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen
07:54

In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen

Published on: September 20, 2012

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

14.2K
An Automated Method to Determine the Performance of Drosophila in Response to Temperature Changes in Space and Time
06:52

An Automated Method to Determine the Performance of Drosophila in Response to Temperature Changes in Space and Time

Published on: October 12, 2018

6.8K
In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen
07:54

In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen

Published on: September 20, 2012

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Wave Phenomena
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Superoscillation (SO) allows wavefields to locally oscillate faster than their highest Fourier components.
  • SO is crucial for superresolution imaging and metrology, surpassing the diffraction limit.
  • Previous research focused on spatial or temporal SO independently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the simultaneous occurrence of spatial and temporal superoscillations.
  • To introduce and demonstrate space-time superoscillation (STSO).
  • To explore the potential of STSO in extreme spatiotemporal field structuring.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a band-limited version of supertoroidal light pulses.
  • Employed Maxwell's equations to model nonseparable finite-energy solutions.
  • Experimentally demonstrated the STSO phenomenon.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated simultaneous spatial and temporal superoscillations (STSO).
  • Observed STSO in supertoroidal light pulses.
  • Revealed a new regime of extreme spatiotemporal field structuring.

Conclusions:

  • Space-time superoscillation (STSO) represents a novel phenomenon in wave physics.
  • STSO has significant implications for ultrafast metrology and light-matter interactions.
  • This work opens new avenues for deep-subwavelength control of electromagnetic waves.