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JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
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Multifunctionality changes with plant functional groups in Antarctica.

Hanwen Cui1, Shuyan Chen2, Ziyang Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

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|February 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Plant presence in Antarctic ecosystems boosts ecosystem multifunctionality, especially with nonvascular and vascular plants. Microbial interactions are key, with direct pathways linking vascular plants to multifunctionality.

Keywords:
Antarcticaecosystem multifunctionalitymicrobial network interactionnonvascular plantplant functional groupsvascular plant

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Soil Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Ecosystem multifunctionality is crucial but poorly understood in Antarctic terrestrial environments.
  • The specific roles of plant functional groups and their links to ecosystem functions, including carbon cycling and soil health, require further investigation.
  • Understanding plant-soil-microbial interactions is vital for assessing ecosystem multifunctionality in polar regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how plant functional groups (nonvascular and vascular plants) influence ecosystem multifunctionality in Antarctic soils.
  • To determine the direct and indirect pathways (via abiotic and biotic factors) through which plant presence affects multifunctionality.
  • To explore the role of microbial community structure and interactions in mediating the relationship between plants and ecosystem multifunctionality.

Main Methods:

  • Soil samples were collected from five Antarctic sites with varying vegetation cover (bare soil, nonvascular, and vascular plants).
  • Twelve ecosystem functions (e.g., carbon sequestration, nitrogen cycling, SOM decomposition, microbial biomass) were measured to calculate ecosystem multifunctionality.
  • Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships between plant presence, soil factors, microbial communities, and ecosystem multifunctionality.

Main Results:

  • Ecosystem multifunctionality was significantly higher in areas with nonvascular and vascular plants compared to bare soil.
  • Enhanced carbon sequestration, SOM decomposition, and microbial biomass were observed under plant cover.
  • SEM revealed that increased multifunctionality under nonvascular plants was linked to microbial module hubs, while vascular plants showed a predominant direct pathway to multifunctionality.

Conclusions:

  • Plant functional groups, particularly nonvascular and vascular plants, enhance ecosystem multifunctionality in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems.
  • Microbial interactions play a significant role, with distinct pathways linking different plant types to multifunctionality.
  • Incorporating microbial dynamics is essential for a comprehensive understanding of ecosystem multifunctionality in polar environments.