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Factors related to medication errors in neonatal intensive care in Saudi Arabia: A nationwide survey
Hassan Al-Shehri1, Adel Abed AlHarbi2, Ghadah Saad Algoraini3
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Neonates are at higher risk of experiencing medication errors. Limited research has thoroughly examined the underlying factors related to these errors from nurses' perspective, who are essential in medication management within Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)s. The aim of this study was to characterize medication errors in NICU across Saudi Arabia and to categorize the types of errors. This is an online cross-sectional survey study that was conducted in Saudi Arabia between February 2024 and August 2024. The study population consisted of nurses working in the NICU. The questionnaire was designed to assess medication errors in NICU settings. A total of 142 NICU nurses participated in this study. Prescribing errors were the most common, accounting for 36.6% of reported cases, followed by medication preparation errors (24.6%) and dispensing errors (15.5%). Nurses with 1 to 5 years of experience had the highest error rates, particularly in prescribing and preparation. Level 4 NICUs reported higher error rates during these stages. Higher nurse-to-infant ratios was associated with higher medication error rates (P = .042), highlighting the impact of workload on safety. This study underscores the need for targeted interventions, such as improved dosing protocols, training for less experienced nurses, and strategies to optimize nurse-to-infant ratios in NICUs. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing medication errors to enhance neonatal care outcomes in Saudi Arabia and similar settings.
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