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Exploring the causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and cervical spondylosis based on the

Changsui Yu1,2, Xiaofeng Zhang3, Zhongbao Yu4

  • 1The Second Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Medicine
|February 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated if Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection causes cervical spondylosis using genetic data. The findings indicate no causal link between Hp infection and cervical spondylosis at the genetic level.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background:

  • Clinical observations suggest a link between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and cervical spondylosis.
  • The causal relationship between Hp infection and cervical spondylosis remains unclear.
  • Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is a robust method to infer causality from observational data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection causally contributes to the development of cervical spondylosis.
  • To investigate the potential causal relationship using a two-sample, two-way Mendelian randomization design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genome-wide association study data for Hp infection and cervical spondylosis.
  • Employed various MR methods including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median estimator (WME).
  • Performed sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness and reliability of the results.

Main Results:

  • Forward MR analysis (Hp as exposure) showed no significant association (OR = 1.110 [0.970-1.271], P = 0.166).
  • Reverse MR analysis (cervical spondylosis as exposure) also indicated no significant association (OR = 0.226 [0.023-2.161], P = 0.253).
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the absence of a significant genetic link between the two conditions.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides strong evidence against a genetically determined causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and cervical spondylosis.
  • The findings suggest that observed associations in clinical practice may not be due to direct causation at the genetic level.

Keywords:
Helicobacter pylori infectionMendelian randomizationcausalitycervical spondylosis

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