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Variations of care with bronchiolitis associated apneas in infants: A retrospective study

Jacqueline Harvey1, Tanya Holt2, Gregory Hansen2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|February 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Infants with bronchiolitis-associated apneas show varied treatment, highlighting a need for standardized care protocols. This study reviewed management for viral bronchiolitis in young children experiencing apnea.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis-associated apneas are a serious complication, particularly in premature infants.
  • Current management strategies for viral bronchiolitis-induced apnea lack a defined consensus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical management and outcomes of infants with viral bronchiolitis and pre-hospital apnea.
  • To identify variability in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) interventions for these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of children under 2 years old admitted to the PICU with viral bronchiolitis and apnea history.
  • Data collection included demographics, clinical metrics, respiratory support, caffeine use, and antibiotics.
  • Descriptive statistics and inferential tests analyzed demographic data and PICU outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 48 charts met inclusion criteria; common factors included young age, female sex, and RSV infection.
  • A significant portion (33.3%) had a history of prematurity.
  • Variability observed in caffeine use, antibiotics, and respiratory support; no deaths occurred, with a mean PICU stay of 3.9 days.

Conclusions:

  • Significant variability exists in the clinical management of bronchiolitis-associated apneas.
  • Standardized care discussions should address respiratory support, septic workup, infection biomarkers, and caffeine use.
Abstract

Keywords:
apneabronchiolitischildrenmechanical ventilatorsnoninvasive ventilation

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