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Beyond inflammation: siRNA strategies for precision targeting in rheumatological disorders

Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy1, Shahad Hisham Mahmood2, Mahmood Jawad3

  • 1Internal Medicine Department, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. Sehrawyamr@gmail.com.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg'S Archives of Pharmacology
|February 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers precise treatment for rheumatological diseases by targeting specific genes and pathways involved in inflammation and tissue damage, potentially transforming patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatological diseases involve complex immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation, leading to significant morbidity.
  • Current treatments rely on systemic immunosuppressants with broad effects, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a precise therapeutic approach for rheumatological diseases.
  • To explore siRNA's ability to target specific molecular pathways driving inflammation, immune dysregulation, and tissue damage in rheumatological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro, in vivo, and preclinical studies on siRNA therapies for rheumatological diseases.
  • Analysis of siRNA targeting strategies beyond pro-inflammatory cytokines, focusing on upstream signaling hubs and non-inflammatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • siRNA demonstrates specificity in targeting disease-driving genes and pathways.
  • Potential for reprogramming immune-stromal networks in a body-wide and joint-specific manner.
  • Identification of promising siRNA targets and delivery systems for effective treatment.

Conclusions:

  • siRNA represents a transformative approach for rheumatological disease therapy due to its precision.
  • Targeting upstream signaling and non-inflammatory pathways offers novel therapeutic avenues.
  • Further research into siRNA delivery systems is crucial for achieving localized immune modulation without systemic breakdown.
Keywords:
InflammationPrecision medicineRheumatologySiRNA

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