Genetic formation and regional disparities of Kra-Dai and Hmong-Mien speakers inferred from ancient genomes of cave burial populations in southwest China
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Ancient cave burials reveal continuous gene flow shaping modern Kra-Dai (KD) and Hmong-Mien (HM) populations. Genomic data shows distinct ancestries in Southeast Asian HM and Chinese HM groups, with KD speakers closely related to ancient Guangxi populations.
Area Of Science
- Population Genetics
- Ancient Genomics
- Human Migration
Background
- Cave burial is an ancient funerary practice linked to modern Kra-Dai (KD) and Hmong-Mien (HM) speakers.
- Limited ancient genomic data hinders understanding of the contribution of ancient cave burial practitioners to modern ethnic groups.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the genetic contributions of ancient cave burial populations to modern KD and HM ethnic groups.
- To analyze ancient human genomes from Guangxi cave burial sites to understand population formation and gene flow.
Main Methods
- Sequencing of 14 ancient human genomes from Guangxi cave burial sites.
- Analysis of genetic profiles to trace ancestry and gene flow patterns.
- Comparison of ancient DNA with modern KD and HM populations.
Main Results
- Continuous gene flow from northern lineages into ancient cave burial populations was identified.
- Southeast Asian HM groups show high ancestry (74.8-100%) from cave burials, while Chinese HM groups exhibit lower ancestry (11.1-37.2%) admixed with Yellow River populations.
- Most KD speakers (28.5-100% ancestry) cluster genetically with Guangxi ancestors, indicating a strong link to cave burial populations.
Conclusions
- The formation of Hmong-Mien (HM) populations involved admixture between ancient cave burials, northern farmers, and local Kra-Dai (KD)-related groups.
- Genetic clines observed in She and Miao populations reflect differential historical interactions and admixture.
- Ancient genomic data provides crucial insights into the peopling of Southern China and the formation of its ethnic minorities.
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