Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026
09:09
In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease
Published on: May 27, 2022
2.3K
Exploring the Past and Current Landscape of Biomarker-Driven Clinical Trials Through Large Language Models
Margaret Guo1, Evan Passalacqua2, Erik Bao3
1Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics
|February 3, 2026
Summary
Biomarker-driven cancer clinical trials are essential but often inaccessible due to geographic limitations. A new tool, the NCI Clinical Trials Navigator, aims to improve patient matching for these vital research studies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Clinical Trials
- Genomics
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Biomarkers are crucial for cancer clinical trial eligibility and patient access.
- The National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Reporting Program (NCI CTRP) database contains extensive trial information.
- Large language models (LLMs) offer novel applications for analyzing clinical trial data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To survey the landscape of cancer clinical trials, focusing on biomarker eligibility.
- To identify geographic disparities and common reasons for clinical trial discontinuation.
- To develop an automated tool for matching patients to biomarker-driven trials.
Main Methods:
- Extracted 20,894 trials from Cancer.gov via the NCI CTRP API.
- Quantified biomarker rates across cancer subtypes and analyzed trial site distribution.
- Identified trial failure causes and developed an LLM-based patient-to-trial matching application.
Main Results:
- 5,044 of 20,894 trials included biomarker eligibility data, often clustered around major academic centers.
- Identified 630 biomarkers across 36 cancer subtypes, with many applicable to multiple cancers.
- Trial accrual difficulties and sponsorship issues were primary reasons for discontinuation.
Conclusions:
- Geographic distribution of biomarker trials limits patient access and contributes to trial failures.
- Many individuals possess mutations making them eligible for biomarker-driven trials.
- An automated tool, NCI Clinical Trials Navigator, was developed to enhance patient-to-trial matching.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:16Clinical Trials
10.7K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.7K
01:11Clinical Trials: Overview
5.0K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.0K
01:12Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials
1.6K
Statistical software is pivotal in data analysis and clinical trials by providing tools to analyze data, draw conclusions, and make predictions. These software packages range from simple data management applications to complex analytical platforms, supporting various statistical tests, models, and simulation techniques. Their significance lies in their ability to handle vast amounts of data with precision and efficiency, enabling researchers to validate hypotheses, identify trends, and make...
1.6K
01:16Language
917
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
917
01:24Components of Language
821
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
821
01:22Language Development
916
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
916