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Low-temperature sintering with chemically durable glass for selenite solidification.

Jae-Young Pyo1, Ga-Yeong Kim2, Jae Hwan Yang3

  • 1Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daedeok-daero 989-111, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|February 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel low-temperature sintering method immobilizes radioactive selenium-79 (Se-79) using silver selenite in a glass matrix. This process prevents Se-79 volatilization and minimizes secondary waste for safer geological disposal.

Keywords:
Chemical durabilityImmobilizationLow-temperature sinteringSeleniumSilver tellurite glass

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • High-temperature immobilization of selenium-79 (Se-79) is challenging due to selenium oxide volatility.
  • Volatilization leads to radionuclide loss and increased secondary waste generation.
  • Existing methods are insufficient for safe, long-term Se-79 management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-temperature sintering method for effective Se-79 immobilization.
  • To create a durable waste form with high leach resistance.
  • To mitigate Se-79 volatilization and secondary waste issues.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized silver selenite (Ag2SeO3) and incorporated it into a 35Ag2O-50TeO2-15V2O5 (ATV) glass matrix.
  • Fabricated a composite waste form by sintering Ag2SeO3-ATV mixture at 180 °C.
  • Evaluated chemical durability using semi-dynamic leaching tests in deionized water and synthetic groundwater.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated a dense composite waste form via low-temperature sintering (180 °C).
  • Effectively suppressed Se volatilization during the sintering process.
  • Achieved exceptional leach resistance, with cumulative Se leaching <0.001% (DIW) and <0.01% (AW) over 120 days.
  • Observed formation of passivating alteration layers and AgCl precipitation, enhancing durability.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed low-temperature sintering method is effective for immobilizing Se-79.
  • This approach significantly reduces volatilization and secondary waste.
  • The developed waste form offers robust, long-term management of Se-79 for geological disposal.