Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

8.9K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.9K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

17.5K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.5K
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

33.7K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
33.7K
DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

35.6K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
35.6K
DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

24.1K
DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
24.1K
Recombinant DNA01:09

Recombinant DNA

103.2K
Overview
103.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Minimum Inoculum of Resistance Assay for Evaluating Antitoxoplasmosis Compounds That Target Phenylalanine tRNA Synthetase.

ACS infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Applications of transcranial focused ultrasound for primary brain tumors.

Neuro-oncology advances·2026
Same author

ERO1a fosters glioblastoma aggressiveness and metabolic flexibility by regulating mitochondria-associated membrane dynamics.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

A Global Ligandability Map of Tryptoline Butynamide Stereoprobes Identifies Covalent Inhibitors of the Actin Maturation Protease.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

High-depth whole genome sequencing of premalignant breast lesions reveals rearrangement hotspots and personalized management opportunities.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Accurate prediction of ecDNA in interphase cancer cells using deep neural networks.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
14:26

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells

Published on: April 4, 2016

25.9K

Targeting extrachromosomal DNA in human cancers.

Ivy Tsz-Lo Wong1,2, Hyerim Yi1,2,3,4,5, Bruno Melillo6

  • 1Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery
|February 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extrachromosomal DNAs (ecDNAs) are circular DNA elements driving cancer evolution and treatment resistance. Understanding ecDNA biology offers new therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools for improved cancer patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

8.0K
In Vivo Targeting of Xenografted Human Cancer Cells with Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles in Zebrafish
10:26

In Vivo Targeting of Xenografted Human Cancer Cells with Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles in Zebrafish

Published on: May 8, 2020

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
14:26

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells

Published on: April 4, 2016

25.9K
Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

8.0K
In Vivo Targeting of Xenografted Human Cancer Cells with Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles in Zebrafish
10:26

In Vivo Targeting of Xenografted Human Cancer Cells with Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles in Zebrafish

Published on: May 8, 2020

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Extrachromosomal DNAs (ecDNAs) are circular DNA molecules prevalent in human cancers.
  • They are key drivers of oncogene amplification, genomic instability, and tumor progression.
  • ecDNAs contribute to rapid tumor evolution, metabolic adaptation, and resistance to therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on ecDNA biology, focusing on its role in cancer.
  • To highlight challenges in ecDNA detection and therapeutic targeting.
  • To discuss emerging vulnerabilities and future directions for ecDNA-focused treatments and diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent advances in ecDNA research.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying ecDNA formation and function.
  • Exploration of potential therapeutic strategies and diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • ecDNAs are critical mediators of oncogene amplification and genomic rearrangements in various cancers.
  • Their presence correlates with poor prognosis and treatment failure.
  • Recent discoveries reveal novel insights into ecDNA biology and potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting ecDNA presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies.
  • Improved detection methods are crucial for clinical application.
  • Integrating ecDNA diagnostics into clinical practice requires further research and development.