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Food-web structures link multi-scale processes in complex landscapes.

Holly A L Harris1, Jonathan D Tonkin1,2,3, Tara J Murray4

  • 1Te Kura Pūtaiao Koiora/School of Biological Sciences, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha/University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Food-web structures in complex river landscapes reveal how spatial heterogeneity and consumer adaptations shape ecosystem processes. This research helps identify key factors stabilizing food webs across different scales.

Keywords:
dynamic riverfood webfood‐web structurelandscape heterogeneitystable isotope

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • River Ecosystems

Background:

  • Studying complex landscapes is challenging due to simultaneous high-level contextual and low-level mechanistic processes.
  • Food-web structures offer insights into these processes within specific ecological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To use stable isotopes to identify spatially distinct resources and infer resource flows in a braided river food web.
  • To understand how food-web structures relate to ecological and mechanistic processes in complex landscapes.

Main Methods:

  • Stable isotope analysis to trace resource use by mobile consumers (birds, fish).
  • Identification of spatially heterogeneous resources within a braided river system.
  • Analysis of consumer resource use in relation to food-web structural attributes.

Main Results:

  • River resources utilized by mobile consumers were found to be spatially heterogeneous.
  • Consumer resource use correlated with spatiotemporal foraging variation, subsidies, omnivory, and ontogenetic niche shifts.
  • Both physical landscape heterogeneity and consumer adaptive traits influence food-web structures.

Conclusions:

  • Complex river food webs are shaped by interactions between physical landscape context and consumer adaptations.
  • Analyzing food-web structures across scales of resource use and distribution aids in identifying stabilizing processes.
  • This approach provides a framework for understanding ecosystem dynamics in heterogeneous environments.