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Machine learning for precision medicine: promoting value considerations through perspective-taking hypothetical group
Tehmi E den Braven1, Ariadne A Nichol1, Matthew D Kearney2
1Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
A brief group exercise using perspective-taking, particularly the "imagine-self" framing, effectively increased artificial intelligence (AI) developers' awareness of their work's societal and ethical impacts on diverse stakeholders.
Area of Science:
- Artificial Intelligence Ethics
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Societal Impact of Technology
Background:
- Public concerns regarding artificial intelligence (AI) consequences persist despite regulatory and ethical efforts.
- Grounding ethical awareness in AI development practice requires fostering consideration of stakeholder welfare.
- Existing approaches have not fully resolved the social and ethical challenges posed by AI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the impact of a group design exercise on AI developers' consideration of their work's effects on others.
- To evaluate perspective-taking, specifically the "imagine-self" framing, as a tool to enhance ethical reflection in AI design.
- To investigate how different AI development contexts influence developers' ethical considerations.
Main Methods:
- A group design exercise involving hypothetical AI research and clinical tool development scenarios.
- Utilized an "imagine-self" framing to prompt developers to consider their feelings and actions in specific situations.
- Compared shifts in design considerations from methodological/data concerns to broader social and ethical issues.
Main Results:
- Hypothetical scenarios prompted varied perspectives among AI developers.
- The "imagine-self" framing led to increased consideration of patient perspectives in clinical AI tool development.
- Developers demonstrated greater self-awareness regarding shifts in their ethical considerations and future practice.
Conclusions:
- A concise group exercise can significantly enhance AI developers' awareness of impacts on multiple stakeholders.
- Perspective-taking exercises, especially "imagine-self," can effectively integrate ethical reflection into the AI design process.
- This intervention can inspire concrete plans for action to address ethical considerations in future AI work.
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