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Updated: May 5, 2026

A Simple Planting Technique for Re-establishing Trees Where Frequent Inundation Occurs

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Published on: January 26, 2018

Large-Scale Forest Restoration Accompanied by Biodiversity Recovery in Costa Rica's Redistributive Payment for

Giacomo L Delgado¹, Johan van den Hoogen¹, Daisy H Dent^1,2,3

¹Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Global Change Biology

|February 4, 2026

Summary

Large-scale ecosystem restoration effectively combats climate change and biodiversity loss. Ecoacoustics show restored forests in Costa Rica

Keywords:

Costa Rica biodiversity ecology environmental change forests inequality national parks payments for ecosystem services

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Published on: October 24, 2025

Area of Science:

Ecology
Conservation Biology
Environmental Science

Background:

Ecosystem restoration is crucial for mitigating climate change and biodiversity loss.
Evaluating large-scale restoration effectiveness is challenging due to monitoring limitations.
Ecoacoustics offer a novel approach to assess biodiversity recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the biodiversity impacts of large-scale forest restoration in Costa Rica.
To compare acoustic recovery in naturally regenerating forests versus monoculture plantations.
To evaluate the efficacy of the Payment for Ecosystem Service (PES) program.

Main Methods:

Utilized an ecoacoustic dataset from 119 locations across Costa Rica.
Analyzed soundscape patterns in degraded pastures, restored PES sites, and reference forests.
Quantified acoustic similarity to reference forests for different restoration types.

Main Results:

Restored PES sites exhibited acoustic patterns closely resembling mature reference forests.
Naturally regenerating forests showed greater acoustic recovery (1.4x similarity) than monoculture plantations (1.24x similarity).
Degraded pastures displayed significantly altered soundscape characteristics compared to reference forests.

Conclusions:

Large-scale forest restoration, particularly natural regeneration, is effective in recovering biodiversity.
Ecoacoustics provide a scalable method for monitoring restoration success.
The Costa Rican PES program demonstrates successful, large-scale ecological recovery.