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Functional genetic mutations in LTF influence its concentration in milk
Xiuge Wang1,2,3,4, Menglei Zhang1,2,3,4, Yaran Zhang1,2,3
1Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.
The Journal of Dairy Research
|February 4, 2026
Summary
Two linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine lactotransferrin promoter were identified. These SNPs significantly impact lactotransferrin expression, offering potential for genetic improvement in dairy cows.
Area of Science:
- Animal Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Dairy Science
Background:
- Lactotransferrin (LTF) is a crucial glycoprotein in dairy cows, vital for immune defense, growth, and milk quality.
- Gene expression is regulated by complex mechanisms, with promoter region variations significantly influencing expression levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify sequence variations in the bovine lactotransferrin promoter region.
- To investigate the association of identified variations with lactotransferrin content in Holstein cows.
- To determine the functional impact of these variations on lactotransferrin promoter activity and gene expression.
Main Methods:
- Sequencing analysis of the bovine lactotransferrin promoter region.
- Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification and genotyping.
- Association analysis between SNPs and lactotransferrin content in 301 Holstein cows.
- Reporter gene assays using promoter fragments with different lactotransferrin genotypes.
Main Results:
- Two linked single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified in the bovine lactotransferrin promoter.
- A significant association was found between these SNPs and lactotransferrin content in the studied Holstein cow population.
- The identified SNPs were demonstrated to significantly influence lactotransferrin promoter activity and, consequently, lactotransferrin expression.
Conclusions:
- The identified SNPs are key regulators of bovine lactotransferrin expression.
- These findings enhance understanding of lactotransferrin gene regulation mechanisms.
- The discovered SNPs provide a basis for genetic selection strategies to improve lactotransferrin content and dairy cow performance.
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