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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

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Reflections of the 2021 update of the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) guideline: a single-center retrospective

Sibel Sevük Özumut1, Ebru Yalın İmamoğlu1, Serap Karaca2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
|February 4, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The 2021 Turkish Neonatology Society guidelines for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening did not significantly change severe ROP incidence but increased examinations. Key risk factors for severe ROP include low birth weight and prolonged ventilation.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) poses a significant risk to premature infants.
  • Updated screening guidelines aim to optimize detection and management of ROP.
  • Evaluating the impact of guideline changes on clinical outcomes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
  • Assess the effect of expanded ROP screening criteria (2021 Turkish Neonatology Society update) on clinical outcomes.
  • Analyze the incidence of severe ROP under new guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patient records from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
  • Inclusion of infants at risk for ROP between January-December 2020 and January-December 2023.
  • Comparison of infants with severe ROP versus those without or with mild ROP.

Main Results:

  • Median gestational age: 30.2 weeks; median birth weight: 1354g.
  • Severe ROP incidence was 3.7% before and 2.2% after the 2021 guideline update (p=0.085).
  • Significant risk factors for severe ROP included small gestational age, low birth weight, erythrocyte transfusions, PDA, prolonged oxygen, and mechanical ventilation.

Conclusions:

  • Expanded ROP screening increased examinations but did not significantly alter severe ROP incidence.
  • Identified risk factors remain critical for managing ROP in premature infants.
  • Further research may refine screening protocols for optimal ROP prevention.
Abstract

Keywords:
permanent visual damageprematurityretinopathy of prematurity

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