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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential
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3D Vertical Alveolar Ridge Augmentation in the Partial Edentulous Anterior Maxilla Using the Split-Bone-Block

Fouad Khoury, Elias Khoury, Thomas Hanser

    The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry
    |February 4, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vertical bone grafting using the split bone block technique provides predictable, long-term stability for the anterior maxilla. This method offers significant bone gain with minimal complications, enhancing esthetics and implant success.

    Keywords:
    3D bone augmentationMicroSawimplant esthetic zonepedicle palatal connective tissue flapsplit bone block (SBB) techniquevertical alveolar ridge defectvertical anterior alveolar ridge augmentation

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    Area of Science:

    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    • Periodontology
    • Dental Implantology

    Background:

    • Vertical bone augmentation is crucial for esthetic rehabilitation in partially edentulous anterior maxilla.
    • The Split Bone Block (SBB) technique offers a method for vertical bone reconstruction using autogenous bone.
    • Long-term outcomes and stability of the SBB technique require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the long-term results of vertical autogenous bone grafting using the Split Bone Block Technique in the esthetic anterior maxilla.
    • To assess primary outcomes including healing complications and vertical bone gain.
    • To analyze long-term stability of bone gain and implant survival rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Autogenous bone blocks harvested from the mandibular external oblique ridge were split and grafted using the SBB technique.
    • Implants were inserted, and prosthetic restoration was performed after 3-month intervals.
    • Patients were followed for at least 10 years, with peri-implant bone loss assessed via radiographs.

    Main Results:

    • 229 grafted sites in 210 patients were followed up to 20 years.
    • Average vertical bone gain was 8.33 mm, with 8.5% resorption after 10 years.
    • Complications were low (3% early, 1.7% late), with a 0.4% graft loss rate. Implant survival was high.

    Conclusions:

    • The Split Bone Block technique demonstrates predictability and long-term volumetric stability for vertical bone reconstruction in the anterior maxilla.
    • Preoperative soft tissue augmentation with a pedicled palatal connective tissue flap improves healing and esthetics.
    • Autogenous mandibular bone blocks are a reliable option for achieving stable vertical bone gain.