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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Published on: July 24, 2013

Defining frailty using a modified Fried's Frailty Phenotype in a Southern African context.

E I Y Madela^1,2, C L Gregson², F Paruk³

¹Department of Geriatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

|February 4, 2026

Summary

This study adapted the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) for Southern African populations. Modified criteria for exhaustion, weight loss, grip strength, and walking speed improve frailty assessment in this region.

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Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Published on: September 23, 2025

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Frailty is a significant predictor of adverse outcomes in older adults, including disability, morbidity, and mortality.
The Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) is a widely used measure for frailty but requires adaptation for diverse populations, particularly in Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a modified Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) definition suitable for the Southern African population.
To ensure the adapted FFP accurately identifies frailty within a specific cultural and linguistic context.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 919 adults aged 40 years and above in Southern Africa.
Applied various thresholds (CHS, EWGSOP2, SDOC, population-dependent) to FFP criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity (PA), low grip strength (GS), and slow walking speed (WS).
Assessed criteria for non-differentiality, internal consistency, and plausibility within the study population.

Main Results:

Self-reported exhaustion and weight loss were prevalent (37.5% and 34.9%, respectively).
Population-specific thresholds for grip strength (sex-specific tenth percentile) and walking speed (lowest quintile) were more appropriate than CHS thresholds.
Modified criteria, including culturally sensitive questions and population-dependent thresholds, demonstrated better suitability for the Southern African context.

Conclusions:

Culturally and linguistically adapted questions for exhaustion and weight loss are crucial.
Population-dependent thresholds for grip strength and walking speed, alongside CHS thresholds for physical activity, are recommended for frailty assessment in Southern Africa.
Region-specific adaptations are essential for accurate frailty diagnosis in diverse global settings.