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Genetic applications in arthroplasty: A review
Jaclyn A Konopka1,2, Theodor Di Pauli von Treuheim1,2, Lefko Charalambous1,2
1NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY.
Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Disease (2013)
|February 4, 2026
Summary
Genetics research identifies variants linked to osteoarthritis and joint replacement complications. Emerging gene therapies show promise for treating these conditions, despite ongoing challenges.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Genetics is increasingly vital in adult reconstructive surgery.
- Genetic variants are associated with osteoarthritis development and arthroplasty complications like infection, loosening, arthrofibrosis, and pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of genetic variants in osteoarthritis and arthroplasty outcomes.
- To highlight advancements in genetic technologies and therapies for reconstructive surgery.
Main Methods:
- Genome-wide sequencing to identify genetic variants.
- Next-generation sequencing for diagnosing culture-negative prosthetic joint infections.
- Review of emerging genetic therapeutic technologies and clinical trials.
Main Results:
- Genetic variants are linked to osteoarthritis and various arthroplasty complications.
- Advanced sequencing technologies improve diagnosis of challenging infections.
- Gene therapy, gene editing, and bacteriophage treatments are emerging therapeutic avenues.
Conclusions:
- Genetics plays a significant role in osteoarthritis and joint replacement outcomes.
- Novel genetic technologies offer new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.
- Widespread adoption faces challenges including public/professional acceptance and cost.
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