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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

219.5K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
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Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

4.0K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.4K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
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Method for Obtaining Primary Ovarian Cancer Cells From Solid Specimens
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Method for Obtaining Primary Ovarian Cancer Cells From Solid Specimens

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Primary ovarian diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Parvinder Singh1, V S Prakash2, Anvesh Rathore2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India parvindersingh4674@gmail.com.

BMJ Case Reports
|February 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary ovarian lymphoma, a rare cancer, is often misdiagnosed. This case highlights diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presenting atypically, emphasizing the need for thorough investigation of persistent symptoms.

Keywords:
Cancer - see OncologyGynecological cancerMalignant and Benign haematologyMalignant disease and immunosuppressionObstetrics, gynaecology and fertility

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary ovarian lymphoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of ovarian neoplasms.
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of primary ovarian lymphoma.
  • Delayed diagnosis is common due to overlapping symptoms with gynecological and infectious conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of primary ovarian diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and the utility of advanced imaging in identifying rare malignancies.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of adnexal masses with atypical presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a young woman with persistent respiratory and constitutional symptoms.
  • Initial investigations included imaging (mediastinal lymphadenopathy) and biopsies (necrotizing granulomatous inflammation).
  • Diagnostic workup progressed to FDG PET-CT and MRI, followed by laparoscopic biopsy for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with hoarseness, dyspnea, and fever, initially misdiagnosed.
  • FDG PET-CT revealed a hypermetabolic right adnexal mass, prompting further investigation.
  • Laparoscopic biopsy confirmed stage IV, high-grade DLBCL (germinal-center B-cell subtype) with a high Ki-67 index.

Conclusions:

  • Primary ovarian DLBCL can present with non-specific symptoms, mimicking other conditions.
  • Advanced imaging like PET-CT and MRI are crucial for detecting hypermetabolic masses and guiding diagnosis.
  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management of this rare ovarian malignancy.