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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Extraction and Analysis of Cortisol from Human and Monkey Hair

Extraction and Analysis of Cortisol from Human and Monkey Hair

Published on: January 24, 2014

Aldosterone & cortisol cosecretion.

Pol Candela¹, Carme Figueredo¹, Felicia A Hanzu²

¹Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona.

Vitamins and Hormones

|February 4, 2026

Summary

Mild autonomous cortisol co-secretion (MACS) in primary aldosteronism (PA), also known as Connshing syndrome, significantly impacts patient prognosis. Understanding MACS-PA is crucial for developing personalized treatment strategies and improving outcomes in PA management.

Keywords:

Connshing Dexamethasone MACS Primary aldosteronism

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Adrenal Disorders
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Mild autonomous cortisol co-secretion (MACS) is increasingly recognized in primary aldosteronism (PA).
This condition, also termed Connshing syndrome (C-PA or MACS-PA), affects PA prognosis and management.
Existing knowledge on MACS-PA requires comprehensive review and synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a detailed overview of current knowledge on Connshing syndrome.
To highlight recent advances in understanding MACS-PA pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical impact.
To emphasize the significance of MACS-PA for personalized medicine in PA.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advances in MACS-PA.
Synthesis of current knowledge on pathophysiology and diagnosis.
Analysis of clinical impact and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

Connshing syndrome (MACS-PA) is a significant factor in PA.
Advances in understanding its pathophysiology and diagnostic criteria are presented.
The clinical impact on patient outcomes and personalized treatment is substantial.

Conclusions:

MACS-PA is a critical consideration for effective PA management.
Understanding Connshing syndrome facilitates personalized treatment approaches.
Further research and clinical attention to MACS-PA can improve patient outcomes.